AI for Cities/ Projects/Heatscape NYC
Live New York City Urban heat Causal modelling

Heatscape NYC

An urban heat intervention planner. It maps a 250 m × 250 m grid over New York City and recommends, for every populated cell, the cooling intervention best matched to its context — derived from a causal systems diagram and a stack of geospatial layers.

Every populated 250-metre cell in New York City, coloured by its top-ranked cooling intervention

Top-ranked intervention per populated cell · 10,081 cells · equal-weight basis

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populated cells scored
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indicators per cell
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nodes in the systems diagram
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causal edges
250m
grid resolution

What you can do

  • Priority score layer — composite risk from nine indicator categories, gated by residential population: no residents, no priority.
  • Top intervention layer — every cell coloured by the cooling measure its context best supports.
  • Category risk layers — any single category as a choropleth.
  • Click a cell — its neighbourhood, priority, ranked interventions and all 43 indicators, each with a percentile bar against the rest of the city.
  • Tune the weights — sliders for every category and every variable inside it; the map, scores and intervention ranking update live.
  • Switch the weighting basis — Shapley attribution or equal weighting, with the disagreement between them made visible.
  • Systems diagram — selecting a cell lights up every causal node it activates and animates the flow toward heat emergency.

Interventions ranked

Plant street trees — Heavy footfall on hot streets with little canopy.
Cool roofs — Dense, dark built volume driving the heat island.
Outdoor cooling amenities — Hot, busy streets far from a spray shower, with children present.
Indoor cooling support — Low air-conditioning coverage, elderly residents, distant cooling centres.
Shaded pedestrian corridors — High pedestrian flow and destination density with little shade accrual.
New open & green space — Heat and social vulnerability where there is no park to reach.

Each cell's ranking is a weighted mean of directional risk percentiles across that intervention's factor set, gated by residential population.

Method

Weights you can argue with

Equal weighting encodes an assumption it cannot check: that every indicator matters as much as every other. Heatscape's default replaces that with an attribution. A fitted structural causal model decomposes the explained variance in heat-emergency incidence into each indicator's average marginal contribution across coalition orderings — its Shapley share — and those shares drive the sliders.

Shares are normalised within a category rather than globally. The decomposition is lopsided: four indicators carry roughly three quarters of the total attribution and eighteen of the forty-three receive none at all. A single global normalisation would pin most sliders to zero and destroy the ordering inside every group.

Against equal weighting, the Shapley basis changes the score of 96% of populated cells and replaces 45% of the top-decile priority cells.

Three things the interface says out loud

  • Nothing is shrunk. A Shapley share is an attribution, not an effect estimate — there is no reliability term to shrink it toward one.
  • Direction never comes from this basis. A Shapley share is unsigned; every indicator keeps the polarity declared in the systems diagram. Only magnitude changes.
  • Two categories fall out entirely. Physiological vulnerability and behavioural measures arrive as tract-level rates that barely vary between 250 m cells, so there is little for the model to attribute. That is a resolution artefact, not a finding that health burden is irrelevant.
Heat exposure percentile across New York City's populated cells

Heat exposure percentile · surface temperature deviation

Grid
250 m UTM-18N cells clipped to the NYC hull
Population gate
Cells with fewer than 10 residents are excluded from scoring
Health & social data
CDC PLACES tract prevalence and ACS socioeconomics, dasymetrically rasterised onto 30 m population points
Canopy
1 m canopy height model, aggregated to mean height and % cover ≥ 3 m
Mobility
Length-weighted mean predicted pedestrian volume per street metre
Stack
Static site — MapLibre GL, no build step, no server dependency

Open Heatscape NYC

Pick a cell, read its 43 indicators, move the weights, and watch the causal diagram light up behind the recommendation.